RUNNING A-Z

Running A-Z: G is for Gear (What you Need and Don't Need to Get Started Running

Whoever said running is a free sport either isn't an active runner or isn't very good at math. Although it's true that the streets are free to run, you need a certain amount of gear to run safety and comfortably. Then when you start adding up the costs of things like GPS watches and races, running can get downright expensive. Let's break down the list of running gear and expenses and talk about what you need to get started, what you can live without and what is purely a luxury.

Shoes

Shoes are the one thing that you can't skimp on when it comes to running. You need to invest in at least one pair of running-specific shoes if you plan on running on a regular basis. These should be shoes that you wear only for running. You shouldn't wear your running shoes to Zumba class or to walk around the mall. Running shoes are for running only.

One reason is that running shoes provide support for motion in the sagittal plane only (that is front to back movement like in running). If you are moving laterally, like you might in a bootcamp class or in Zumba, then these shoes won't provide the support you need for those types of movements. Secondly, running shoes are generally more expensive than cross training shoes and typically last 300-500 miles no matter how you are putting on those miles. So if you are wearing your running shoes as your daily shoes, then you are literally burning money when you burn the rubber off those soles. Use your less expensive gym shoes for your daily comfortable walking-around shoe.

A good pair of running shoes will provide the support you need to run safety and help prevent injury. If you are putting in significant miles each week, like someone who is training for a marathon, I would recommend having two pair of running shoes and rotating the shoes every other run. 

Be sure to watch the tread on the bottom of the shoes and replace as needed, typically every 300-500 miles. 

Apparel

While you don't need to break the bank to buy running apparel, there are few things that you need to look for when purchasing running clothes. Look for clothing made with performance fabrics. Performance fabrics are generally man-made fabrics (polyester blends) that wick moisture away from the body. This means when you sweat, instead of the material absorbing the water and showing embarrassing sweat spots, it pulls the moisture away. This will help you stay cool, dry and comfortable. It doesn't need to be expensive, many discount brands and sporting good stores offer performance fabrics at a reasonable cost.

Avoid cotton shirts, shorts and especially socks. Read the garment's fabric content and choose items without cotton. Cotton socks will absorb your sweat and can cause nasty blisters. Polyester blend fabrics are your best choice for all your running clothing right down to your socks. 

Running Technology

Now that you have your running shoes and you're dressed in your non-cotton apparel, you're ready to run. Except some runners wouldn't dream of leaving the house without their GPS watch, heart rate monitor, MP3 player, wireless headphones, step tracker and cell phone.

There is a relatively new concept called running-naked and don't worry, it is not what it sounds like, I fully recommend that you wear clothes when you run so you avoid arrest. Running naked means running without technology.

GPS WATCH

It can be nice to have a GPS watch to track your mileage, pace and route, but sometimes, especially for new runners, it is best to run by how you feel, rather than trying to keep up with some arbitrary pace on your watch. Your daily pace can be affected by a lot of factors, like how well you slept, how stressed you feel, how well you ate and how recovered you are from your last run. It is not always the best thing to run according to the pace that you think you should be running. It can be better to run by how you feel.

With that being said, I often run with my GPS watch, but it purely an optional luxury. I leave it at home when I need to get out and just run for pleasure.

Heart-rate monitor

A heart-rate monitor can be very helpful to determine effort because your heart rate gives you an accurate indicator of how hard you're working. Most GPS watches these days come with a wrist-based heart-rate monitor (no chest strap needed) but because this is relatively new technology, it may not be as accurate as a chest strap. A heart-rate monitor is great for training, but running according to your breath (talk test) and RPE (rate of perceived exertion) can be all you need. 

 

MP3 player

I avoid listening to music and wearing headphones when running on the street for safety reasons. It is important that you can hear the cars and are aware of your surroundings. I wear my headphones when I run at the track or on the treadmill. Music can be a great motivator for running. Sometimes an uptempo song can help increase your pace because you naturally speed up to match the beat of the song. Just be aware when on a long run or when trying to pace yourself, music can sometimes cause you to speed up when you should be keeping a particular pace. Music is great, just be aware how it is affecting your pace. 

 

Cell Phone

You already own a cell-phone. I recommend you carry it on every run outdoors in case of emergency or burning desire to order a pizza on your long run.

Running Accessories

The list of possible running accessories goes on and on. I like to carry a running belt for my keys and cell phone when I run on the street or at a race. They are relatively inexpensive and eases the hassle of carrying your small personal items items with you when you run. 

Once you have the basics of shoes and clothes covered, you're be all set to start running. But I have a feeling once you've been bitten by the running bug, you will rationalize spending every free dollar on running gear, accessories and races. 

What are your running gear essentials? Did I miss anything?

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Running A-Z: F is for Fartlek (Train to Run Faster with Fartleks)

I am having a great time with this new running A-Z blog series. Every week I cover a new running-related topic following the order of the alphabet. I am wide-open for future topic suggestions. Let me know in the comments. This week we are on the letter F. F is for fartlek! 

Fart what? Yes. Fartlek. After all these years of running it may still make me giggle like a 12 year old girl, but fartleks are an effective, fun way to train to run faster.

Fartleks are a form of interval training. You practice periods of fast running without specific speed or distance goals, followed by rest intervals based on feel. It is a go-as-you-please interval plan that can be fun and challenging for new and experienced runners alike! 

Fartlek is a Swedish word that means speed play. Ollie, my dog, describes it best. 

I run faster to chase a squirrel and slow down to sniff a tree. I think you runner humans call that Fartlek, I call it life.
— Ollie

Have you ever picked up a running magazine and felt confused by the running plans? The article might recommend to run half marathon pace for 800 meters, or 10K pace for 400 meter repeats, or 5K pace for 400 meters divide by four and subtract 10 seconds. Huh? If your head is spinning because you can't calculate math in your head, (or particularly well with a calculator, like me) or you don't have a track nearby, then fartlek might be the interval training plan for you. 

The great thing about fartleks is that you don't need any special equipment, a GPS watch, a track or a treadmill. You run entirely by feel. A heart rate monitor can be helpful to monitor effort, but not necessary. 

Warm Up

Warm up between five and 10 minute by walking or jogging at conversational pace. You should be able to hold a conversation at this pace without stopping for deep breaths between words or sentences. Breathing should be very easy.

Speed Interval

After you are warmed up, it is time to start your first fartlek interval. Choose a spot ahead in the distance, maybe a parked car, a telephone pole or a stop sign. You choose the distance. Pick up your pace so you are running faster with a rate of perceived (RPE) exertion between a 7-9 until you reach your destination.

RPE is a great way to calculate effort if you don't have a heart rate monitor. Use this chart to help determine RPE.

RPE is a great way to calculate effort if you don't have a heart rate monitor. Use this chart to help determine RPE.

Recovery Interval

Slow to a jog (or walk, if necessary) to return to conversational pace. This interval takes as long or as little time as needed for you to recover from your speed interval. The key here is to be honest with yourself. Don't start running until you are breathing normally again, and (important!) don't jog or walk any longer than you need to in order to recover. As soon as you are recovered, prepare for your next speed interval. 

Recovery time can vary from workout to workout, day to day based on a variety of factors: the weather, how well you ate (fueled), how well you slept, how recovered you are from your last workout. 

Your workout may look like this: Warm up. Run fast to the top of a hill, recover as you jog down the other side of the hill, run to the park bench, then run faster until you reach the white minivan in distance. Recover as needed then run fast to the next stop light. 

Continue for 25-45 minutes depending on your running experience. 

Fitting it all in

Effort sessions should be limited to two times a week for beginners and no more than four times a week for advanced runners. Any type of speed work, tough strength training workouts, hill repeats or long runs are considered effort sessions. Your body needs time to repair and recover after a hard workout, so allowing rest periods and recovery workouts in between tough sessions will allow you to come back stronger for your next one. 

I recommend a fartlek session once a week for speed training. It is a fun and effective way build speed work into your running and strength training routine without too much pressure!

Have fun with it. 

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Any questions? Have you ever trained to run faster with fartleks? Hit me with your favorite fartlek joke. Let me know in the comments.

Coach Lea

 

 



 

 

 

Running A-Z: E is for Endurance, How to Build Running Endurance

Welcome to the latest installment of Running A-Z where I cover a running related topic following the order of the alphabet. This week we are talking about how to build running endurance without risking injury. 

If you are a distance runner or want to be, you should be focusing on building your cardiovascular endurance. Running endurance is how long you can run. A new runner may be looking to build their endurance so they can run a 5K without stopping and a more experienced runner may want to run a full marathon. These are both great goals that require the same process. 

Gradual Adaption

The safest way to build endurance is through gradual adaptation. This means that you must not rush the process. It takes time, consistency and patience to build endurance without risking injury. If you are new to running this process will take longer than someone who already has an established running base. Be patient.

Rules of Running Endurance 101

Never increase intensity (speed) and volume (milage) in the same week. This means if you are doing speed work to increase your pace, your overall mileage for the week should remain the same that week. On weeks where you increase your milage do not also increase the intensity of your workouts. 

Increase milage by approximately 10% per week. Every 4th week, drop the milage to allow your body a chance to recover. 

All endurance training running should be done at a conversational (slow) pace. This means you should be able to have a conversation with your coach or running partner for the duration of the workout. If you are breathing heavily, you should slow down (to a walk if necessary). Once you build endurance for a particular distance, you can then work on speed to cover that distance faster. 

Rest days and easy mileage weeks are essential to successful endurance training. Overtraining will lead to injuries and depleted energy. It may be tempting to push harder and run longer in hopes of achieving faster results, but this will often backfire. It is during the recovery periods that your body adapts and grows stronger. Always allow rest days in between effort session (fast or long runs) for proper recovery. 

Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep a night. If you are going to bed at midnight and getting up a 5am for your training run, you are not doing your body any favors. Sleep is mandatory for a recovery.

See my post on nutrition for runners for more tips on how to effectively fuel for running.

Are you working on your cardiovascular endurance? How can I help? 

Coach Lea

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Running A-Z: D is for Diet How to Fuel for Running

It's a four letter word in every sense. It has a negative connotation. I am talking about the word diet. Most people think of the word diet and associate it with being hungry; lettuce and carrot sticks come to mind. But actually the definition of diet is the food a person habitually eats. You could be on an all Twinkie diet or a healthy, balanced diet. What you eat is your diet. 

 

Carbohydrates

Runners have dietary needs that are a little different than the average person. While you may have heard that runners need to carbo-load before a big race and envision a giant plate of spaghetti and garlic bread to meet these nutritional requirements, the truth is that we shouldn't be that extreme. If fact, consuming large amounts of carbohydrates immediately before an event could lead to gastrointestinal distress (which is the last thing you want during a race). 

Carbs may have a bad name in some nutritional circles, but they are necessary for athletes. If you focus on consuming the right kinds of carbs, unprocessed whole foods, they provide the essential energy and fuel that you need to run strong.

The idea is to have a steady flow of high quality carbs in your system leading up to race day. Choose foods like slow-cooked oatmeal, sweet potatoes and brown rice, rather than bagels, donuts or crackers. If you eat a mostly healthful diet, there is definitely room in your diet to include whatever carbohydrates you enjoy, but for sports fueling, I recommend focusing on high-quality nutrient-dense foods.

A lot of articles you will read will give you a daily % of carbs to include in your diet, but people who do not track their macro-nutrients closely (new runners for instance) may find this confusing. If the guidelines sat to 40% carbs, 30% protein and 30% fat, a lot of people may not understand what that means for their daily diets. 

According to the Road Runners Club of Amercia, the International Olympic Committee developed these guidelines to define nutrient needs according to your activity level and body weight. 

Intensity of exercise                 gram carb/kg body wt         gram carb/lb body wt

Low intensity                                      3-5 g                            1.5-2.5

Moderate (  1 hour/day):                     5-7 g                            2.3-3.2

Endurance (1-3 hours/d):                    6-10 g                          2.5-4.5

Extreme  (>4-5 hours/d):                     8-12 g                          3.5-5.5

This gives you a rough guideline to where to start and then you can adjust accordingly to how your body reacts to the intake. Every single athlete is different and only you can determine what works best for you. It may take some trial and error. Some people are carb-sensitive and may need to cut back from these guidelines to feel optimal. Other athletes may feel low on energy or experience poor performance if they consume less than these guidelines. 

An effective strategy for me has been to consume most of my daily carbs right before my workout and immediately afterwards to refuel and lower my carb intake on days that I don't workout. I know a lot of people are scared of carbs, but it is not necessary to feel this way. You can definitely eat a moderate to high amount of healthful carbs as a athlete and remain slim if you choose the quality of your carbs and your timing carefully. Do some experimenting and see what works for you. 

Protein

I find that a lot of new athletes may not be getting enough protein in their diets. Protein helps muscle growth, repair and adaptation. An athlete should consume protein with 30 minutes to one hour after a workout in addition to meeting their daily requirements. I recommend whole food protein sources like eggs, lean meat, fish, nuts or beans. Protein supplements (like powders or drinks) can be a convenient way to consume your protein when you are short on time or on the go. I enjoy protein shakes occasionally in addition to consuming mostly whole foods. 

National Academy of Sports Medicine recommends the following protein intake according to activity level and weight.

Activity level                           Grams of protein per lb of body weight per day

Sedentary                                  .4 grams per lb

Strength Athlete                       .5 - .8 grams per lb

Endurance Athlete                    .5 - .6 grams per lb

 

Fat

Repeat after me: Fat does not make you fat. Consuming more calories than you burn will contribute to weight gain. If you make mostly healthy, balanced choices and keep your calorie intake at or below maintenance, no single macronutrient in itself will cause weight gain. I add healthy fats in the form of avocados (in my salads, for example) olive oil for cooking and nuts, like pistachios, for snacking. I find that fats help sustain my hunger. Fats have more calories per gram than the other macronutrients so I recommend that you watch your portion sizes as to not accidentally go over your calorie needs. 

Eating low fat packaged products may actually be less healthful than the full fat versions. Read the nutritional label carefully, food manufacturers often take out the fat in order to display a low fat label, but add in sugar and processed ingredients in its place. Often the full fat versions of foods are the best choices.

Hydration

According to the National Academy of Sports Medicine sedentary men should consume 13 cups of water a day and women nine cups a day. People trying to lose weight should should drink an additional eight ounces of water for every 25 pounds they carry over their goal weight. Water intake should be increased when exercising or during hot weather. 

Work to drink two to three cups of water two hours before exercise to hydrate, drink one cup for every 20 minutes of exercise and replace lost water after exercising. For exercise that lasts more than an hour or in extreme heat consume a sports drink to replace lost electrolytes. When exercising one hour or less, plain water is sufficient.

A Note on Balance and Cheat Meals

I don't like the phrase 'cheat meal' because it implies you are doing something wrong. I live by this statement: What you do occasionally does not impact what you do habitually. This means if you make a habit of choosing healthful, whole foods most of the time, enjoying a less than nutritious meal (like pizza, french fries or fried sushi: three of my favorite indulgences) occasionally won't make a big impact on your overall health and fitness goals. It goes both ways. If you habitually eat fast food and make poor food choices, eating an occasional salad won't impact you positively either.

Bottom line, it's your life. You have to enjoy it too. Sometimes it's Grandma's home cooked meal or celebrations with family and friends that bring meaning to life. You shouldn't have to worry about every calorie consumed. If you make good choices most of the time, there is no reason to turn down Grandma's (or Olive Garden's) garlic bread. (Can you tell I like garlic bread? Second mention in one blog post.)

I am a personal trainer. It is beyond my scope of practice to provide detailed meal plans or advise people specifically on what to eat or not to eat. I am permitted to give general guidelines like I have in this blog post. If you need more specific nutritional guidance, feel as if you have an eating disorder or issues with food, I recommend you speak to a registered dietitian (RD) who has the educational background to help you. Remember that personal trainers, online health coaches and even nutritionists are not permitted by law to provide specific diets to cure or treat any disease, included obesity.

What's your favorite health food and what's your favorite indulgence? Did I mention garlic bread? 

Coach Lea

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Running A-Z: C is for Compression

Marathon runners are known for their compression socks. At any start line you'll see colorful compression knee socks as far as the eye can see. So are they for fashion or function? Are the benefits of compression socks in my head or on my legs?

Like many runners, I've been a fan of compression socks for a long time. Some runners wear compression during their runs, some wear after a long run for recovery, and some like me, do a combination of both.

I think hot pink compression socks during a race makes a fun fashion statement, but is there any real benefit outside of my fashion sense or is it all in my head?

For recovery

Compression has potential recovery benefits. Manufacturers of the products claim they increase circulation in your legs, decrease lactic acid, prevent cramps and minimize muscle fatigue. I personally love the way compression feels on my tired legs after a long run and I believe it helps me recover.

For Performance

Even though runners line up by the hundreds in their compression socks, there is little data that supports that compression can improve running performance. If the athlete believes that his or her compression socks cause him to run faster or longer, that perceived benefit can potentially boost performance, but it is no more scientific than a lucky charm. 

So if you love compression for the fashion statement or it makes your legs feel great during or after a run, I say go for it! There is no harm in compression socks (as long as they are not too tight) and may even provide a psychological boost.

As for me and my legs? I will continue to wear compression socks on race day and to recover. 

What do you think? Fashion or function? 

Coach Lea